Creating Physical Standby Database on Oracle 11g
Some key points before proceeding with the physical standby setup.
Primary database should be in archivelog mode.
Forced Logging is on in Primary database (sql>alter database force logging;)
Initialization parameter “db_name” should be same on both primary and standby database.
Initialization parameter “db_unique_name” should be different on primary and standby databases.
Primary Database : PRIM
Standby Database : STND
1. Check if the primary database is using the password file or not. If not, then create one as below.
orapwd file=$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapwPRIM password=oracle force=y
2. Add the following parameters in the initialization parameter file of the primary database.
initprim.ora
prim.__db_cache_size=46137344 prim.__java_pool_size=4194304 prim.__large_pool_size=4194304 prim.__oracle_base='/u01/home/oracle'#ORACLE_BASE set from environment prim.__pga_aggregate_target=205520896 prim.__sga_target=239075328 prim.__shared_io_pool_size=0 prim.__shared_pool_size=167772160 prim.__streams_pool_size=8388608 *.audit_file_dest='/u01/home/oracle/admin/prim/adump' *.audit_trail='db' *.compatible='11.2.0.0.0' *.control_files='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/prim/control01.ctl','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/prim/control02.ctl' *.db_block_size=8192 *.db_domain='' *.db_name='prim' *.diagnostic_dest='/u01/home/oracle' *.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=primXDB)' *.db_recovery_file_dest='/u01/app/fra' *.db_recovery_file_dest_size=2070572032 #(I have it as nearly 2 GB) *.memory_target=444596224 *.open_cursors=300 *.processes=150 *.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE' *.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1' *.db_unique_name='prim' *.log_archive_dest_1='location=use_db_recovery_file_dest valid_for=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=prim' *.log_archive_dest_2='service=stnd valid_for=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=stnd' *.log_archive_dest_state_1=enable *.log_archive_dest_state_2=enable
3. Setup the connectivity (listener.ora and tnsnames.ora) for the primary and standby databases.
Primary:
listener.ora file
# listener.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora # Generated by Oracle configuration tools. LISTENER = (DESCRIPTION_LIST = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = <my_primary_host_name>)(PORT = 1521)) ) ) SID_LIST_LISTENER = (SID_LIST = (SID_DESC = (SID_NAME = prim) (ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1) ) ) ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /u01/app/oracle ENABLE_GLOBAL_DYNAMIC_ENDPOINT_LISTENER = ON
tnsnames.ora file
# tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/tnsnames.ora # Generated by Oracle configuration tools. PRIM = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS_LIST = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = <my_primary_host_name>)(PORT = 1521)) ) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVICE_NAME = prim)(UR=A) ) ) STND = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS_LIST = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = <my_standby_host_name>)(PORT = 1521)) ) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVICE_NAME = stnd)(UR=A) ) )
Standby:
listener.ora file
# listener.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora # Generated by Oracle configuration tools. LISTENER = (DESCRIPTION_LIST = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = <my_standby_host_name>)(PORT = 1521)) ) ) SID_LIST_LISTENER = (SID_LIST = (SID_DESC = (SID_NAME = stnd) (ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1) ) ) ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /u01/app/oracle ENABLE_GLOBAL_DYNAMIC_ENDPOINT_LISTENER = ON
tnsnames.ora file
# tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/tnsnames.ora # Generated by Oracle configuration tools. PRIM = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS_LIST = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = <my_primary_host_name>)(PORT = 1521)) ) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVICE_NAME = prim)(UR=A) ) ) STND = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS_LIST = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = <my_standby_host_name>)(PORT = 1521)) ) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVICE_NAME = stnd)(UR=A) ) )
4. Add the following parameters in the initialization parameter file of the standby database
initstnd.ora
stnd.__db_cache_size=230686720 stnd.__java_pool_size=4194304 stnd.__large_pool_size=4194304 stnd.__pga_aggregate_target=268435456 stnd.__sga_target=394264576 stnd.__shared_io_pool_size=0 stnd.__shared_pool_size=146800640 stnd.__streams_pool_size=0 *.audit_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/stnd/adump' # *.audit_trail='db' *.compatible='11.2.0.0.0' *.control_files='/u02/app/oracle/oradata/stnd/control01.ctl','/u02/app/oracle/oradata/stnd/control02.ctl' *.db_block_size=8192 *.db_domain='' *.db_name='prim' *.db_recovery_file_dest='/u01/app/fra' *.db_recovery_file_dest_size=2070572032 *.diagnostic_dest='/u01/app/oracle' *.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=stndXDB)' *.log_archive_format='%t_%s_%r.dbf' *.memory_target=660602880 *.open_cursors=300 *.processes=150 *.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE' *.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1' *.log_archive_dest_1='location=use_db_recovery_file_dest valid_for=(all_logfiles,all_roles) db_unique_name=stnd' *.log_archive_dest_2='service=prim valid_for=(online_logfiles,primary_role) db_unique_name=prim' *.db_unique_name='stnd' *.db_file_name_convert='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/prim/','/u02/app/oracle/oradata/stnd/' *.log_file_name_convert='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/prim/','/u02/app/oracle/oradata/stnd/' *.standby_file_management=AUTO *.FAL_SERVER='prim' *.FAL_CLIENT='stnd' *.log_archive_dest_state_1=enable *.log_archive_dest_state_2=defer
5. Now copy the password file of the primary database “orapwprim” located at $ORACLE_HOME/dbs to the standby server location $ORACLE_HOME/dbs and rename the file as “orapwstnd”.
Note that the format of the password file in Windows is as pwd<SID>.ora (Example: pwdPRIM.ora)
6. Now connect to the Primary database as target database and standby database as auxiliary instance through RMAN. Make sure that the Primary database is open and the standby database is in nomount stage (STARTED).
rman target sys/<password>@prim auxiliary sys/<password>@stnd
Now perform the duplicate operation to create the standby database.
rman>duplicate target database for standby from active database nofilenamecheck;
7. Once the duplication is completed, close the RMAN prompt and connect to the standby database through SQL.
sqlplus sys/<password>@stnd as sysdba
Check the status of the standby database by making sure it is in mount stage.
sql>select status,instance_name,database_role from v$instance,v$database;
8. Now start the managed recovery process on the standby database.
sql>alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session;
9. Now check if the managed recovery process (MRP) has been started on the standby database or not.
sql>select process,status,sequence# from v$managed_standby;
Example:
SQL> select process,status,sequence# from v$managed_standby; PROCESS STATUS SEQUENCE# --------- ------------ ---------- ARCH CONNECTED 0 ARCH CONNECTED 0 ARCH CONNECTED 0 ARCH CONNECTED 0 MRP0 WAIT_FOR_LOG 39
Here, the MRP has been started and is waiting for the log sequence# 39. If MRP is not started, then the above query would not show up the MRP0 under the process column.
10. On the primary database, perform a few log switches and check if the logs are applied to the standby database.
sqlplus sys/<password>@prim as sysdba sql>alter system switch logfile; sql>select max(sequence#) from v$archived_log;
Example:
SQL> select max(sequence#) from v$archived_log; MAX(SEQUENCE#) -------------- 38
sqlplus sys/<password>@stnd as sysdba sql>select thread#,max(sequence#) from v$archived_log where applied='YES' group by thread#;
Example:
SQL> select thread#,max(sequence#) from v$archived_log where applied='YES' group by thread#; THREAD# MAX(SEQUENCE#) ---------- -------------- 1 38
Here, the maximum sequence# generated on the Primary database is 38 and the maximum sequence# applied on the standby database is also 38 which means that the standby database is in sync with the primary database.
Here you go !!!
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Wonderful article in simple words. Very easy to understand.
Will I get informed whenever you post any new article?
I have a question. I am trying to Create a Standby Database which will share the same storage as Primary Database ie ASM.
Just wondering whether I need to do some changes in the parameter file of both Primary and standby parameter file .
Appreciate for your advise.
Hi Ramakant,
Since you are having both the primary and standby on ASM, you’ll have to make sure the following parameters exist in your standby Pfile.
db_create_file_dest=’+(disk group name on standby server where you want to place the standby datafiles)’
control_files=’+(disk group name on standby server where you want to have the control files)’
the value for db_create_file_dest and control_files can be same.
If you intend to have the Flash Recovery Area set up, then you can make use of the below parameters.
db_recovery_file_dest_size=(size)
eg: db_recovery_file_dest_size=4000M
db_recovery_file_dest=’+(disk group name on standby server where you want to have the FRA setup)’
Thank you Ramakanth. You can follow the blog and you would get informed of any new posts that would be done here.
Thank you so much for your advise.
Have a nice day!
I was basically wanting to know if you ever thought of adjusting the design of your blog? It is well written; I really like what you have got to state. But maybe you could add a a bit more in the way of content so people can connect to it better. You have got a great deal of text for only having one or two photos. Maybe you can space it out better?
NICE DOCUMENT THANKS. if possiable upload RAC DOcument THANKS IN advance
Hi San, would try to upload documents related to the issues with RAC soon.. Thanks
awesome artical.it is very helpful to me.
Thank you !!
Hi Mr. Shivananda,
Thank you very much for spending your time in preparing this Doc., I am new to oracle11g, I want to create standby mirroring database on a different box that is there in same LAN, Can you please explain the process.
Thanks in advance..
Really nice article. I have a question, what is the next step after the above process, do we need to configure the dataguard using Grid Control ‘Add Existing Standby Database’ option ?
Basically, my requirement is to create a standby database (without using Grid since we have a copy script to copy database) and after that I need to configure the two databases for DR using Dataguard. Please advice.
Hello Krishna,
With the above mentioned steps, your standby database is created successfully and would be ready to use. These steps mentioned in the above blog is for creating a physical standby database manually (without using Grid Control).
Regards,
Shivananda
Thanks a lot for your advice Sir. !
Hello Sir,
I have successfully implemented the Physical Standby Database.
I checked my V$log and also the sequence numbers, where both primary and secondary are in sync.
But, for some reason, I am not able to open my standby database in Read only Mode, alert log just stucks with a message
“Media Recovery Waiting for thread 1 sequence 175 (in transit)”
Any idea on this ? I am using 11.2.0.3 version of DB, if my understanding is correct 11g should support Active DAtaguard which should allow Read only access along with Archive logs apply.
Thanks,
Krishna
Thanks Mr. Rao! it is very useful and easy to understand article. Please post article for RAC setup if possible.
Hi Dev,
I would soon be uploading doc on RAC related concepts…
Regards,
Shivananda
where initprim.ora file, Rao means spfile
Hi Shivananda,
What about a scenario where I do not have RMAN setup in my environment? How do I duplicate the standby database? what are the commands and steps please? I am new with this DG technology.
Thanks very much for an awesome simple to follow set of intructions..
ILP
Hi,
In that case, you can go with the hot backup method. Here is a link which shows how to create physical standby database using hot backup method.
https://sites.google.com/site/catchdba/physical-standby-database-using-hotbackup
Regards,
Shivananda
Thanks so much for your quick response!
It worked very nicely for me and clearing data guard conecpts Thanks a lot
select parameter,value from v$option where parameter=’Active Data Guard’;
should return TRUE. active data guard need license.
Thanks for posting this blog. I really appreciate it.
I’m trying to use this in 11g (11.2.0.2). I’ve completed the first 5 steps. In Step 6 above, it states to make sure the Standby database is started in nomount mode. When I do that and issue the subsequent rman statement “rman target sys/@prim auxiliary sys/@stnd”, it fails with the message :
“RMAN-04006: error from auxiliary database: ORA-12528: TNS:listener: all appropriate instances are blocking new connections”
This is because it’s in nomount state, right? This is obviously working for everyone else, what am I missing? Thanks.
Hi Jon,
Make sure that your TNS entries for both primary and standby databases on both primary and standby servers have the entry as “UR=A” after the “SERVICE_NAME” entry as mentioned in step 3.
Sample:
PRIM =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = )(PORT = 1521))
)
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVICE_NAME = prim)(UR=A)
)
)
Regards,
Shivananda
Perfect. Many thanks!
Hi –
This was excellent. Do you have the RAC document? Where can I find it?
dawn.foltz@wyo.gov
I’m trying to use this in 11g (11.2.0.2). I’ve completed the first 5 steps. In Step 6 above, it states to make sure the Standby database is started in nomount mode. When I do that and issue the subsequent rman statement “rman target sys/@prim auxiliary sys/@stnd”, it fails with the message :
“RMAN-04006: error from auxiliary database: ORA-12154: TNS: could not resolve the connect identifier specified
I’m trying to use this in 11g (11.2.0.2). I’ve completed the first 5 steps. In Step 6 above, it states to make sure the Standby database is started in nomount mode. When I do that and issue the subsequent rman statement “rman target sys/@prim auxiliary sys/@stnd”, it fails with the message :
“RMAN-04006: error from auxiliary database: ORA-01031: insufficient privileges
Hi Rajesh,
Please check if you are able to connect to the standby database with SYS user. Also, make sure you have the password file created and have the “remote_login_passwordfile” parameter set to “EXCLUSIVE”.
Regards,
Shivananda
Merci pour votre expertise sur le sujet. En vous
souhaitans plein dee succès.
Simply awesome great..!!!